VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, OCTOBER 2024

Abstract: In this paper, we propose the design and implementation mechanism for different digital modulators such as Quadrature Amplitude QAM-16 modulators based on the use of Quadrature Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (QDDFS) using Cyclone II EP2C20F484C7 FPGA from ALTERA placed on education and development board DE-1 with the following parameters:

- Clock frequency : FCLK=50MHz .
- Modulation type of signal is : QAM-16 .
- Frequency range : (0.011 Hz…10 MHz) .
- Frequency Resolution : (0.011 Hz) .
- Signal amplitude (5V) .
- Data frequency : 1KHz .
- Digital designs allow the slides to modify and design development for results and better through reprogramming, depending on the user's desire.

Keywords: Digital Modulator, QAM, QAM-16, DDFS, QDDFS, FPGA.

Abstract: This paper discusses on finding integer solutions to the system of double equations with four unknowns given by 33 *,** wyxzkzyx ==− . Four choices of integer solutions to the considered dual equations are presented. Employing the obtained integer solutions, the process of formulating Second order Ramanujan numbers is illustrated.

Keywords: Dual equations with four unknowns, System of double equations, Integer solutions, second order Ramanujan numbers

Abstract: The goal of the study was to examine the long run impact of Earning management on performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria for the period 2013 t0 2022. The study adopted cross sectional ex-post facto design and census sampling method. Earnings management was proxied as Real and accrual earnings management divided into Discretional Accruals, Related party transactions, and Real earnings management while performance was measured using returns on asset, net profit margin and price earnings ratio. The dynamic panel data estimation framework was used and Haausman test for selection of model. The study found that discretional Accruals, Related party transactions, and Real Earnings management all have significant effects on Returns on Asset. The effect of discretionary accrual is however positive while that of real earnings management is negative highlighting the trade-off effect of real and accrual earnings management on accounting performance. Earnings management exert significant impacts on Net profit margin. Discretional Accruals, Related party transactions, and Real earnings management exert significant effects on market performance using Price earnings ratio. Based on findings we recommend that business owners should adopt policies that will improve quality of earnings and deter aggressive manipulation behavior by limiting Managers ability to indulge in aggressive accrual management. Firms that seek to improve their market performance do not need to overemphasize the need to manipulate earnings through accruals in order to influence investors’ decisions but can as well employ real earnings management to generate the same outcome with less harmful effect on the survival of the firm

Keywords: Earnings Management, Returns on Asset, Price Earnings Ratio, Net profit Margin

Keywords: Digital Modulator ,QAM , QAM-32 , DDFS, QDDFS , FPGA.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose the design and implementation mechanism for different digital modulators such as SynthesizerFrequencyDigitalDirectQuadraturebased on the use ofodulatorsm64-QAMAmplitudeQuadrature (QDDFS) using Cyclone II EP2C20F484C7 FPGA from ALTERA placed on education and development board DE-1 with the following parameters: .=50MHzCLK: FClock frequency- -Modulation type of signal is : QAM-64 .
-Frequency range : (0.011 Hz…10 MHz) .
-Frequency Resolution : (0.011 Hz) .
- Signal amplitude(5V) .
- Data frequency : 1KHz .
- Digital designs allow the slides to modify and design development for results and better through reprogramming, depending on the user's desire.

Keywords: Digital Modulator ,QAM , QAM-46 , DDFS, QDDFS , FPGA.

Abstract: Zero emission mobility is one of the most important applications in the electric vehicle market being in a continuous growth where new charging technologies are getting popularities with new developments. Developing fast charging topologies and strong infrastructure can be the solution to limit the autonomy of vehicles which is growing faster and need to be in consideration. This research article shows and discuss the recent topologies and the methodologies of EV charging module, and finally comes in a new charging system for the better solution covered with Split-Pi bidirectional DC-DC converter based on conductive and inductive (wireless) charging applications. These fundamentals are related to the electric vehicles. The problems resulting from global warming and with direct involvement of the most severe issues such like burning and consumption of fossil fuels need modification and improvement, and EVs are the ultimate solution there. The detailed design and analyses of the new topologies has been performed with controlled front- end stage AC-DC converter, control of bidirectional converter, and battery based on simulation using MATLAB/Simulink. The entire simulation analysis and design parameters, associated with the proposed converter and battery controller has been highlighted and discussed through analyzing ideas on the advancement of conductive and inductive charging scheme for EV batteries.

Keywords: Split-Pi Converter, Battery Charger, Battery Charge Controller, Conductive Charging, Inductive/Wireless Charging, Front-End Converter (AC-DC).