Grid tied EV Applications with Investigation of Controlled Bidirectional Converter and Design of Battery Management System

Abstract: Electric vehicles (EVs) are very useful for reducing carbon emission and energy-efficient transportation. Minimization of emissions and green energy are always the demands which are regularly thriving researchers to analyze the electric transportations. Electric vehicles market is highly increasing day by day and its share will be growing even more higher in the upcoming future. AC-DC converters and DC-DC converters are needed to build up EV battery chargers and EV chargers can optimize some grid-tied operations such as vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) applications structured and collaboration with bidirectional AC-DC converters. The Split-Pi converter is a recently invented DC-DC converter that can be used in EV batteries and can support V2G and G2V operation for the profits on electric vehicle uses with its bidirectional functionalities. This paper presents a detailed analysis and control of Split-Pi converter for grid-tied V2G and G2V simulations altogether, and development of battery management operation with storage of charge across supercapacitor-batteries in EVs. The energy management combination of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors can minimize cost maximizing its range, efficiency and reliability. The EV charging system employing bidirectional converter presented for grid-tied applications has been performed in the MATLAB/Simulink software. Although many topologies and ideas were modified regarding those applications, there are still some processes to identify the new methodologies. There are so many battery problems such as battery aging, power losses, and slow charging problems. Bidirectional converter-based battery and battery management topology must be taken into consideration to prevent battery problems. Both battery lifetime and efficiency can be improved by implementing this process.

Keywords: Split-Pi Bidirectional Converter, Battery Charger, Electric Vehicle, Vehicle to Grid (V2G), Grid to Vehicle (G2V), Energy Management.